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We summarize the week's scientific breakthroughs every Thursday.
- 			 Health & Medicine Health & MedicineMDMA, the key ingredient in Ecstasy, eases symptoms of severe PTSDBy the end of the trial, 67 percent of the participants who took MDMA had improved so much that they no longer qualified as having a PTSD diagnosis. 
- 			 Animals AnimalsThe U.S.’s first open-air genetically modified mosquitoes have taken flightAfter a decade of argument, Oxitec pits genetically modified mosquitoes against Florida’s spreaders of dengue and Zika. By Susan Milius
- 			 Psychology PsychologySmall bribes may help people build healthy handwashing habitsGetting people to wash their hands is notoriously difficult. Doling out nice soap dispensers and rewards helps people develop the habit. By Sujata Gupta
- 			 Health & Medicine Health & MedicineAs the COVID-19 pandemic evolves, we answer 7 lingering vaccine questionsAs U.S. vaccination efforts shift to get shots to the hard-to-reach, we take a look at some big questions about vaccines that still remain. 
- 			 Health & Medicine Health & MedicinePfizer’s COVID-19 vaccine recommended for adolescents by CDC committeeWith the vaccine cleared for high schoolers and many middle schoolers, focus now turns to clinical trials testing COVID-19 vaccines in younger kids. 
- 			 Health & Medicine Health & MedicineHow India’s COVID-19 crisis became the worst in the worldScientists say a laxed attitude toward masking and social distancing plus the rise of new variants may have fueled India’s coronavirus surge. 
- 			 Neuroscience NeuroscienceMild zaps to the brain can boost a pain-relieving placebo effectBy sending electric current into the brain, scientists can enhance the pain-relieving placebo effect and dampen the pain-inducing nocebo effect. 
- 			 Science & Society Science & SocietyHow to detect, resist and counter the flood of fake newsMisinformation about health is drowning out the facts and putting us at risk. Researchers are learning why bad information spreads and how to protect yourself. 
- 			 Anthropology AnthropologyA child’s 78,000-year-old grave marks Africa’s oldest known human burialCave excavation of a youngster’s grave pushes back the date of the first human burial identified in the continent by at least a few thousand years. By Bruce Bower
- 			 Health & Medicine Health & MedicineHow a small city in Brazil may reveal how fast vaccines can curb COVID-19Almost all adults in Serrana, Brazil, got COVID-19 shots. That may help answer questions about how well vaccines will work to end the pandemic. 
- 			 Health & Medicine Health & MedicineHere’s what breakthrough infections reveal about COVID-19 vaccinesStudies analyzing vaccinated people in the real world show that COVID-19 vaccines are extremely effective, but experts are keeping an eye on variants. 
- 			 Health & Medicine Health & MedicineMeet three moderators fighting disinformation on Reddit’s largest coronavirus forumScience News spoke with volunteers about what it takes to correct misinformation online during a pandemic.