Lack of sleep has genetic link with type 2 diabetes
Large genomic studies show body rhythms, melatonin may influence sugar levels in the blood
Sleep is a mystery. Although no one knows exactly why, it’s required for good health. But now, scientists have found a surprisingly clear connection between sleep and a healthy body: the regulation of sugar levels in the blood. The new studies, all online December 7 in Nature Genetics, describe the first genetic link between sleep and type 2 diabetes, a disease marked by high blood sugar levels.
![Insulin-producing cells in mice, rats and humans are covered with the melatonin receptor, shown in green. Insulin is shown in red. The receptor is a link that begins a connection between sleep and type 2 diabetes.](https://i0.wp.com/www.sciencenews.org/wp-content/uploads/2008/12/9333.jpg?resize=300%2C266&ssl=1)
In the United States, the number of people with type 2 diabetes is increasing, according to a 2006 paper in the journal Circulation; while the average amount people sleep is dwindling, according to a sleep survey by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. The investigations by three international teams of researchers suggest the trends of rising diabetes and falling sleep are linked via a protein that senses the sleep-inducing hormone melatonin. The research places bodily rhythms, including the clock that sets human sleep cycles, squarely in the blood sugar business.
This newfound link between melatonin and type 2 diabetes intrigues sleep researchers like Orfeu Buxton at HarvardMedicalSchool in Boston, who was not involved with the new work. “This is really breakthrough stuff,” he says.