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Neuroscience

Headbutts hurt the brain, even for a musk ox

Though musk oxen are built to bash, a study of the headbutters turned up signs of brain damage. But that may not be catastrophic for the bovids.

Ecosystems

Biocrusts reduce global dust emissions by 60 percent

Lichens and other microbes construct biological soil crusts that concentrate nutrients and slash global dust emissions.

Planetary Science

Ice at the moon’s poles might have come from ancient volcanoes

Volcanic eruptions billions of years ago probably released enough water vapor to have deposited ice at the lunar poles, a study finds.

Animals

‘Wandering’ salamanders glide like skydivers from the world’s tallest trees

Using their legs and tail, these amphibians have impressive control over their daring dives from coast redwood canopies.